Research on the life of the Prophet from his birth until his death
The lineage and birth of the Prophet:
The Messenger of God - may God bless him and grant him peace - was the most noble of people in lineage and the greatest in status and virtue. He was Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim bin Abdul Manaf bin Qusayy bin Kilab bin Murrah bin Kaab bin Luay bin Ghalib bin Fahr bin Malik bin Al-Nadr bin Kinana bin Khuzaymah bin Mudrikah bin Ilyas bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Maad bin Adnan.
The father of the Prophet, Abdullah, married Amina bint Wahb, and the Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him - was born on Monday, the twelfth of the month of Rabi’ al-Awwal in the Year of the Elephant, which is the year in which Abraha went to demolish the Kaaba, but the Arabs confronted him, and Abdul Muttalib told him that the House The Lord protected him, so he brought Abraha with the elephants, so God sent birds upon them carrying stones of fire that destroyed them, and thus God protected the house from any harm. His father died while he was a lamb in his mother’s womb, according to the correct scholarly sayings, so the Messenger was born an orphan. The Almighty said: -: (Didn’t he find you an orphan and take you to shelter?)
His life in the forty years before the prophethood:
Breastfeed him
Muhammad - peace and blessings be upon him - was breastfed by Halima Al-Saadia after she came to the Quraysh seeking any of the infants, and she had an infant son who could not find anything to satisfy his hunger. This was after Ibn Saad’s wives refused to breastfeed the Prophet - peace be upon him - because of the loss of his father. Thinking that breastfeeding him would not bring them goodness and reward, and because of that, Halima Al-Saadia received a blessing in her life and great goodness, the likes of which she had never seen, and Muhammad - peace be upon him - grew up unlike other young men in terms of strength and severity.
She returned him to his mother after he had reached two years of age, and asked her permission for Muhammad to stay with her for fear of illness in Mecca. He did return with her, and one day Gabriel came to him, cut open his chest and extracted it. He extracted a clot from his heart and said that it was the part of the devil from him, so he washed it with Zamzam water in a basin of water. He then went to his mother and returned him to his place. The chest-slitting incident occurred, and that was the deciding factor in his return to his mother.
Imam Muslim narrated on the authority of Anas bin Malik - may God be pleased with him -: (The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, Gabriel, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, came to him while he was playing with the boys. He seized him and struck him, so he tore open his heart. He extracted the heart, and he cut it open. He took a clot from it and said: This is luck Satan from you, then he washed it in a golden basin with Zamzam water, then washed it, then returned it to its place...)
His bail
The mother of the Prophet - peace be upon him - Amna bint Wahb died when he was six years old, and she was returning with him from the Al-Abwa region. It is an area located between Mecca and Medina. She was on a visit to his maternal uncles from Bani Adi from Bani Al-Najjar. He then moved to live under the care of his grandfather Abdul Muttalib, where he took great care of him. Thinking of goodness and great importance in him, then his grandfather and the Prophet died when he was eight years old, and after that he moved to live under the care of his uncle Abu Talib, and he used to take him with him on his commercial trips, and on one of the trips one of the monks told him that Muhammad would be of great importance.
His work is grazing sheep:
The Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, worked in herding the sheep of the people of Mecca, and about that, he, peace and blessings be upon him, said: (God did not send a prophet but he grazed the sheep, and his companions said: And you? He said: Yes, I used to graze them on qirats - a portion of a dinar and a dirham - for the people of Mecca) , and thus the Prophet - peace be upon him - was a role model in earning a living.
His work is in trade:
Khadija bint Khuwaylid - may God be pleased with her - had a lot of money and a high lineage, and she was working in trade, and when she heard that Muhammad was a man truthful in his words, faithful in his work and generous in his morals, she entrusted him to go out and trade with her money with a servant of hers called Maysarah in exchange for a reward, so he went out - upon him. Prayers and Peace - A merchant went to the Levant, and he sat on the road under the shade of a tree near a monk. The monk told Maysara that whoever went down under that tree was nothing but a prophet, and Maysara told Khadija what the monk had said, which was the reason for her requesting marriage to the Messenger, so his uncle proposed to her. Hamza, and they got married.
His participation in building the Kaaba:
The Quraysh were determined to reconstruct the Kaaba; To protect it from demolition due to floods, they stipulated that it be built with good money that did not include any kind of usury or injustice. Al-Walid bin Al-Mughirah dared to demolish it, then they began building little by little until they reached the location of the Black Stone, when a dispute occurred between them regarding who would put it in its place. They agreed to accept the ruling of the first person to enter upon them, and the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - advised them to place the black stone on a garment that each tribe carried from one side to put it in its place, and they accepted his ruling without disagreement. Thus, the opinion of the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - was a factor in the matter. The Quraish tribes do not quarrel or disagree among themselves.
The beginning of revelation:
The Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - was alone in the cave of Hira during the month of Ramadan, leaving everyone around him. Staying away from all falsehood, trying to get as close to all truth as possible, contemplating God’s creation and creativity in the universe, and his visions were clear and unambiguous. While he was in the cave, an angel came to him and said: (Read), and the Messenger replied, saying: (I am not a reader.) The request was repeated three times, and the king said the last time: (Read in the name of your Lord who created), so he returned to Khadija while he was in a state of extreme fear about what had happened to him, so she reassured him.
In this regard, the Mother of the Believers, Aisha, may God be pleased with her, narrated: “The first thing that was revealed to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was the true vision in sleep He came to Hira and he swore in it, which is devotion, the nights. And he would provide provisions for that, then he would return to Khadija and she would provide him with a similar supply, until the truth came to him while he was in the cave of Hira, and the king came to him and said: Read, and the Prophet said to him May God’s prayers and peace be upon him: I said: I am not a reader, so he took me and covered me until I was exhausted. Then he sent me and said: Read, and I said: I am not a reader, so he took me and covered me the second time until I was exhausted, then he sent me and said: Read, and I said: I am not a reader, so he took me So he covered me for the third time until I was exhausted, then he sent me and said: {Recite in the name of your Lord who created } [Al-Alaq: 1] - until he reached - {He taught man what he did not know} [Al-Alaq: 5]) .
Then Khadija - may God be pleased with her - took him to her cousin Waraqa ibn Nawfal, who was an old man who could not see and wrote the Bible in Hebrew. The Messenger told him what had happened, and Waraqa said: (This is the law that was revealed to Moses. Oh, I wish I had a root in it. I would be alive when he brings you out. Your people, so the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: Or are they my makers? Waraqah said: Yes, no man has ever come with anything like what you have brought, but go back, and if your day overtakes me, I will support you A solid victory.
Then Waraqah died, and the revelation to the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - was cut off for a period of time, [8] and it was said that it lasted only for days, and the purpose of that was to reassure the Messenger and excite him about the revelation again, but the Prophet - peace be upon him - did not stop being alone with himself in a cave. Hira , but he continued to do so, and one day he heard a voice from heaven and Gabriel -peace be upon him -came down, and descended by the words of God -the Exalted -: ( O you are the most powerful*)God Almighty commanded His Prophet to call for His monotheism and worship of Him alone.
Meccan era:
Secret invitation
The conditions of preaching in Mecca were not stable due to the spread of idolatry and polytheism. Therefore, it was difficult to call for the monotheism of God in it directly at the beginning. The Messenger of God did nothing but confide in the call, and he began by inviting his family and those who saw in them honesty and the desire to know the truth. His wife was Khadija, his masters were Zaid bin Haritha, Ali bin Abi Talib, and Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq. The first to believe in his call, then Abu Bakr supported the Messenger in his call, so he converted to Islam at his hands: Othman bin Affan, Al-Zubair bin Al-Awwam, Abdul Rahman bin Awf, Saad bin Abi Waqqas, and Talha bin Ubaidullah, then Islam spread in Mecca little by little until the call became public. After three years of keeping it secret.
The beginning of the public invitation:
The Messenger of God - peace be upon him - began to call his tribe out loud. God Almighty said: (And warn your kindred and those closest to you.) So the Messenger ascended Mount Safa and called on the tribes of Quraish to unite God, but they mocked him. However, the Messenger did not hesitate in calling, and Abu Talib took it upon himself. Protecting the Messenger, and he did not pay attention to the statements of the Quraysh about preventing the Messenger from his call.
Boycott:
The Quraish tribes agreed to boycott the Messenger and those who believed in him and besiege them among the people of Bani Hashim. This boycott was not to deal with them in buying or selling, in addition to not marrying or marrying them. These provisions were documented on a plaque and hung on the wall of the Kaaba, and the siege continued for three years. It ended after Hisham bin Amr consulted with Zuhair bin Abi Umayyah and others about ending the siege, and they were about to tear up the boycott document, only to find that it had disappeared except for “In Your Name, O God,” from it, and thus the siege was lifted.
A year of sadness:
Lady Khadija, who was a support for the Messenger of God, died three years before his migration to Medina. In the same year, Abu Talib, who was protecting the Messenger from harm from the Quraysh, became seriously ill. The Quraysh took advantage of his illness and began to severely harm the Messenger, and a group of the nobles of the Quraysh went to Abu Talib. When his illness became severe and I asked him for the Messenger to stop calling him, Abu Talib told him what they wanted, but he did not pay attention to that. Before Abu Talib’s death, the Messenger tried to pronounce the Shahada with him, but he did not respond, and he died as he was, and with his death and the death of Khadija - may God be pleased with her - the Messenger was greatly saddened. severe; They served as support, support and protection for him, and that year was called the year of sadness.
The call outside Mecca:
The Messenger of God - peace be upon him - went to Taif in order to call on the Thaqif tribe to unite God after the death of his uncle and his wife, and he was harmed by the Quraysh. He asked Thaqif to support him and protect him, and to believe in what he came, hoping for their acceptance, but they did not respond and met him with sarcasm and ridicule
Migration to Abyssinia
The Messenger of God urged his companions to migrate to the land of Abyssinia. Because of the torture and harm they were exposed to, he told them that there was a king who did not oppress anyone, so they left as immigrants, and this was the first migration in Islam, and their number reached eighty-three men, and when the Quraysh learned about the migration, they sent Abdullah bin Abi Rabi’ah and Amr bin Al-Aas with gifts. The gifts were given to the Negus, king of Abyssinia, and they asked him to return the Muslim immigrants. Protesting that they had left their religion, the Negus did not respond to them.
Al-Najashi asked the Muslims to explain their position, so Ja’far bin Abi Talib spoke about them, and Al-Najashi narrated that the Messenger guided them to the path of righteousness and truth away from the path of immorality and vices, so they believed in him, and they were exposed to harm and evil because of that, and Ja’far recited to him the beginning of Surat Maryam, so Al-Najashi cried intensely, and told the messengers The Quraysh said that he would not hand over any of them and return their gifts to them. However, they returned to the Negus the next day, telling him that the Muslims interpreted the word about Jesus, son of Mary. He heard from the Muslims their opinion of Jesus, so they told him that he was the servant of God and His Messenger. Thus, the Negus believed the Muslims and rejected Abdullah and Amr.
Israa and meraaj
The narratives that determined the date of the Isra and Mi’raj journey differed. It was said that it was on the night of the twenty-seventh of the month of Rajab of the tenth year of the Prophet, and some of them said that it was five years after the mission, and the journey was such that the Messenger of God was captured from the Sacred House in Mecca to Jerusalem on an animal called Al-Buraq, accompanied by Gabriel - peace be upon him. -.
Then he was taken up to the lowest heaven, where he met Adam - peace be upon him - then to the second heaven and met Yahya bin Zakariya and Jesus bin Maryam - peace be upon them - then to the third heaven in which he saw Joseph - peace be upon him - then he met Idris - peace be upon him - in the fourth heaven, and Aaron bin Imran - peace be upon him - in the fifth heaven, and Moses bin Imran in the sixth heaven, and Abraham - peace be upon him - in the seventh heaven, and peace was concluded between them and their acknowledgment of the prophecy of Muhammad - peace be upon him -, then Muhammad was raised to the Sidra of the End, and imposed God owed him fifty prayers, then reduced them to five.
The First and Second Pledge of Aqaba
A delegation of Ansar, numbering twelve men, came to the Messenger to pledge allegiance to him on the oneness of God - Glory be to Him - and not to steal and not to fall into adultery, sin, or false speech. That pledge of allegiance took place in a place called Al-Aqaba. Therefore, it was called the First Pledge of Aqaba. The Messenger Musab bin Umair was sent with them to teach them the Qur’an and explain to them matters of religion. The following year, during the Hajj season, seventy-three men and two women came to the Messenger of God. To pledge allegiance to him, and thus the second pledge of allegiance to Aqaba was completed.
Prophet's migration
Muslims migrated to Medina; In order to preserve their religion and themselves, and to establish a safe homeland in which they would live in accordance with the principles of the call, Abu Salamah and his family were the first to migrate, and Suhaib followed him after he gave up all his money to the Quraysh for the sake of uniting God and migrating in his path, and thus the Muslims followed each other in migration until Mecca almost became empty of Muslims, which led the Quraish to fear for themselves the consequences of the migration of Muslims, so a group of them gathered in Dar al-Nadwah in search of a way to get rid of the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him -, and they ended up taking a young man from each tribe and beating them. The Messenger is the blow of one man; So that his blood would be dispersed among the tribes, and Banu Hashim would not be able to take revenge on them.
On the same night, God gave His Messenger permission to emigrate, so he took Abu Bakr as his companion, and put Ali in his bed and instructed him to return the trusts that he had to their owners. The Messenger hired Abdullah bin Ariqat to show him the way to Medina, so the Messenger went out with Abu Bakr, heading to Cave of Thawr, and when the Quraysh learned With the failure of their plan and the migration of the Messenger, they began searching for him, until one of them arrived at the cave, causing Abu Bakr to become extremely afraid for the Messenger, but the Messenger reassured him, and they remained in the cave for three days until conditions stabilized and the search for them stopped, then they resumed their journey to Medina and reached it in the third year. The tenth day of the mission, on the twelfth day of the month of Rabi’ al-Awwal, he spent fourteen nights in Bani Amr ibn Awf, during which he founded the Quba Mosque, the first mosque built in Islam, and then began establishing the foundations of the Islamic state.
Civil covenant
Building the mosque
The Messenger of God ordered the construction of the mosque on land that he had bought from two orphan boys. The Messenger and his companions began construction, and his direction of direction was directed to Jerusalem. The mosque had great importance. It was a place for Muslims to meet for prayer and other matters, in addition to learning Islamic sciences, and deepening connections and relations between Muslims.
Fraternization
The Messenger of God brought brotherhood between the immigrants and the Muslim supporters according to the foundations of justice and equality. The state cannot be established except by the unity of its individuals, and establishing the relationship between them on the basis of love for God and His Messenger and giving for the sake of the call. Thus, the Messenger of God made their brotherhood linked to their faith, and gave brotherhood to individuals to bear responsibility for each other.
City document
Medina needed an order that would organize it and guarantee the rights of its individuals, so the Messenger wrote a document that served as a constitution between the immigrants, the Ansar, and the Jews, and that document was of great importance. It was like the constitution that regulates the affairs of the state at home and abroad, and the Messenger established the provisions in accordance with the provisions of Islamic Sharia. It was also fair in terms of treatment with the Jews, and its provisions indicated four of the provisions specific to Islamic Sharia, which are:
- The religion of Islam is the one that works for the unity and cohesion of Muslims.
- The Islamic society can only exist with the interdependence and solidarity of all individuals, and each of them bearing his own responsibility.
- Justice is demonstrated in a detailed and precise manner.
- Muslims always return to the rule of God Almighty as stated in His law
Invasions and companies
The Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him - fought a number of invasions and battles with the aim of establishing the truth and calling people to the unity of God - the Almighty - by removing obstacles that prevented the spread of the call. It should be noted that the invasions that the Messenger fought were a practical model in demonstrating the image of the virtuous warrior and respect for humanity.
This was after relations began to intensify between the Messenger of God in Medina and the tribes from outside it, which led to the occurrence of a number of combat confrontations between the various parties. The fighting that the Messenger witnessed was called a battle, and the fighting that he did not witness was called a secret battle. Below is a statement of some of the details of the battles that the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, fought. And peace - with those Muslims with him:
The Great Battle of Badr
It occurred in the second year of the Hijra, on the seventeenth of the month of Ramadan, and was caused by the Muslims’ interception of the Quraish caravan heading to Mecca, led by Abu Sufyan. The Quraish rose to protect their caravan, and fighting broke out between the Muslims. The number of polytheists reached a thousand fighters, while the number of Muslims was three hundred and thirteen men. It ended with the victory of the Muslims, killing seventy polytheists, and capturing seventy others, who were freed with money.
The Battle of Uhud
It occurred in the third year of the Hijra, on Saturday, the fifteenth of Shawwal, and was caused by the desire of the Quraysh to take revenge on the Muslims for what happened to them on the day of Badr, when the number of polytheists reached three thousand fighters, while the number of Muslims was about seven hundred men, of whom fifty were placed on the back of the mountain, and when The Muslims thought they had been victorious and began collecting spoils. Khalid bin al-Walid, who was then on polytheism, seized the opportunity and attacked the Muslims from behind the mountain and fought them, which led to the victory of the polytheists over the Muslims.
The Battle of Banu Nadir
Banu al-Nadir are a Jewish people who broke the covenant with the Messenger of God, so the Messenger ordered their deportation from Medina, and the leader of the hypocrites, Abdullah bin Ubayy, told them to remain in their places in exchange for supporting them with fighters. The campaign ended with the people being evacuated from Medina and their departure from it.
The invasion of the parties
It occurred in the fifth year of the Hijra, and was caused by the leaders of Banu al-Nadir heading to the Quraysh to incite them to fight the Messenger of God. Salman al-Farsi advised the Messenger to dig a trench. Therefore, this battle is also called the Battle of the Trench, and it ended with the victory of the Muslims.
The Battle of Banu Qurayza
It is the next invasion of the Battle of the Ahzab, and it took place in the fifth year of the Hijra, and was caused by the Jews of Banu Qurayza breaking their covenant with the Messenger of God, their formation of parties with the Quraysh, and their desire to betray the Muslims, so the Messenger of God went out to them with three thousand Muslim fighters, and besieged them for twenty-five nights. The situation became difficult for them, and they submitted to the command of the Messenger of God.
The Battle of Hudaybiyyah
It occurred in the sixth year of the Hijra in the month of Dhul-Qi’dah. That was after the Messenger of God saw in his dream that he and those with him were going to the Sacred House and they were safe, with their heads shaved. So he ordered the Muslims to prepare to perform Umrah, and they entered into ihram from Dhu al-Hulayfa, and did not take with them anything except the traveler’s greeting. The Quraysh knew that they did not want to fight, and they reached Al-Hudaybiyyah, but the Quraysh prevented them from entering, so the Messenger Othman bin Affan was sent to them informing them of the truth about their coming, and it was rumored that he had been killed, so the Messenger of God decided to prepare and fight them, so they sent Suhail bin Amr to agree with them on peace, and the peace was concluded. By preventing war for a period of ten years, and that the Muslims should return any of the Quraish who came to them, and that the Quraish would not return any of the Muslims who came to them, and the Muslims exited their ihram and returned to Mecca.
The Battle of Khaybar
It occurred in the seventh year of the Hijra, at the end of the month of Muharram, after the Messenger of God saw the elimination of Jewish gatherings. As it poses a danger to Muslims, and the Messenger actually set out to achieve his goal and the matter ended in favor of the Muslims.
Battle of Mu'tah
It occurred in the eighth year of the Hijra in Jumada al-Awwal, and was caused by the Messenger’s anger at the killing of Al-Harith bin Umair Al-Azdi. The Messenger ordered Zaid bin Haritha over the Muslims and recommended the emirate of Jaafar if Zaid was injured, then the emirate of Abdullah bin Rawahah after Jaafar, and asked them to call people to Islam before starting the fighting. The fighting ended with the victory of the Muslims.
The Battle of Conquest
It took place in the eighth year of the Hijra in the month of Ramadan, and it was the conquest of Mecca. The reason for the conquest was the attack of Bani Bakr on Bani Khuza’ah and the killing of a number of them. The Messenger of God and those with him prepared to march to Mecca, and Abu Sufyan then converted to Islam, and the Messenger of God granted safety to whoever entered his house. ; In recognition of his status, the Messenger entered Mecca, saying “Allahu Akbar” and thanking God for the clear conquest. He circumambulated the Holy Kaaba, destroyed the idols, prayed two rak’ahs at the Kaaba, and pardoned the Quraysh.
The Battle of Hunayn
It occurred in the eighth year of the Hijra on the tenth day of the month of Shawwal, and its reason lies in the belief of the nobles of the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes that the Messenger would fight them after the conquest of Mecca, so they decided to initiate the fight against him and went for it, and the Messenger of God and everyone who converted to Islam with him went out to them until they reached Wadi Hunayn, and victory was at the beginning. The fighting was for Hawazin and Thaqif, then it turned to the Muslims after the steadfastness of the Messenger of God and those with him.
The Battle of Tabuk
It occurred in the ninth year of the Hijra in the month of Rajab due to the Romans’ desire to eliminate the Islamic state in Medina. The Muslims went out to fight and stayed in the Tabuk region for nearly twenty nights, and returned without fighting.
Corresponding to kings and princes
The Messenger of God sent a number of his companions as messengers to call the kings and princes to the monotheism of God - Glory be to Him -. Among the kings were some who converted to Islam and some who remained in his religion, and among those calls are mentioned:
- Amr bin Umayyah Al-Damri to Al-Najashi, King of Abyssinia.
- Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah to Al-Muqawqis, King of Egypt.
- Abdullah bin Hudhafa al-Sahmi to Khosrau, King of Persia.
- Dihya bin Khalifa Al-Kalbi to Caesar, King of the Romans.
- Al-Alaa bin Al-Hadrami to Al-Mundhir bin Sawi, King of Bahrain.
- Salit bin Amr Al-Amiri to Hawdha bin Ali, the owner of Al-Yamamah.
- Shujaa bin Wahb from Banu Asad bin Khuzaymah to Al-Harith bin Abi Shimr Al-Ghassani, the owner of Damascus.
- Amr ibn al-Aas to the King of Oman, Jaifar and his brother.
Delegations
After the conquest of Mecca, more than seventy delegations from the tribes came to the Messenger of God declaring their Islam. Among them are mentioned:
- The delegation of Abdul Qais, and they came twice; The first was in the fifth year of the Hijra, and the second was in the year of delegations.
- Doss delegation, as they arrived at the beginning of the seventh year of the Hijra when the Messenger of God was in Khaybar.
- Farwa bin Amr Al-Judhami in the eighth year of the Hijra.
- Sada's delegation in the eighth year of the Hijra.
- Kaab bin Zuhair bin Abi Salma.
- Adhrah delegation in the month of Safar of the ninth year of the Hijra.
- A Thaqif delegation in the month of Ramadan in the ninth year of the Hijra.
The farewell argument
The Messenger of God expressed his desire to perform Hajj, expressed his intention to do so, and left the city under the command of Abu Dujana, walked towards the ancient House, and delivered a sermon that was later known as the Farewell Sermon, and among its contents were: a warning against usury, and the necessity of adhering to what was stated in the Holy Qur’an and the noble Sunnah of the Prophet.
The Prophet's House
The Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him - was an example to be emulated in his noble and generous morals and his sublime dealings with his wives, children, and companions. Thus, he was able - peace and blessings be upon him - to instill principles and values in souls. God enacted in the universe mating between males and females, and made the relationship between them based on affection. And mercy and tranquility. God Almighty said: (And among His signs is that He created for you mates from among yourselves that you may find tranquility in them, and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who reflect. Wuna) .
The Messenger applied the meanings contained in the previous verse, and advised his companions to take care of women and urged others to take care of their rights and treat them well. He, peace and blessings be upon him, would console his wives, alleviate their sorrows, appreciate their feelings, do not mock them, praise them, and would help them with household chores and eat with them. One vessel, and he would go out with them for walks to increase the bonds of love and affection.The Prophet had married eleven wives, and they were:
- Khadija bint Khuwaylid: She was the first wife of the Prophet, and he did not have any other wives with her.
- He had all his sons and daughters from her, except for his son Ibrahim, who was born to Mariyah al-Qibtiyya, who was the king of the right hand of the Messenger - peace be upon him.
- Al-Qasim was the first child born to the Messenger and was given the nickname, then he had Zainab.
- Then Umm Kulthum, then Fatima, and finally Abdullah, who was called the pure and pure.
- Sawda bint Zam’a: She was his second wife, and she was the one who gave her day to Aisha out of love for the Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him.
- Aisha wished to be like her and follow her example. Sawda died during the time of Omar bin Al-Khattab.
- Aisha bint Abi Bakr Al-Siddiq: She was the Prophet’s most beloved wife after Khadija, and the Companions considered her an authority.
- She was one of the most knowledgeable people in the sciences of Sharia, and one of her virtues was that the revelation came to the Messenger of God while he was in her lap.
- Hafsa bint Omar bin Al-Khattab: The Messenger of God married her in the third year of the Hijra, and she kept the Qur’an when it was collected. Zainab bint Khuzaymah: She was nicknamed the Mother of the Poor.
- Because of her extreme eagerness to feed them and meet their needs.
- Umm Salamah Hind bint Abi Umayyah: The Messenger of God married her after the death of her husband, Abu Salamah.
- He prayed for her and told her that she was among the people of Paradise.
- Zainab bint Jahsh: The Messenger married her by order of God, and she was the first wife to die after the death of the Messenger of God.
- Juwayriyah bint Al-Harith: The Messenger of God married her after she was captured in the Battle of Banu Al-Mustaliq.
- Her name was Burrah, so the Messenger named her Juwayriyah, and she died in the fiftieth year of the Hijra.
- Safiyya bint Huyay bin Akhtab: The Messenger of God married her with the dowry of her emancipation after the Battle of Khaybar.
- Umm Habiba Ramla bint Abi Sufyan: She is the wife closest to the Messenger of God in lineage with their grandfather, Abd Manaf.
- Maimuna bint Al-Harith: She was the last of the Prophet’s wives, peace be upon him.
Traits of the Prophet
His congenital qualities
- square; That is, neither long nor short.
- Soundness in sound; That is, roughness.
- bloom color; That is, white with redness in it.
- handsome handsome; That is, good and beautiful.
- Eyebrow furrow; That is, thin in length.
- Darker eyes.
His moral qualities
- His honesty in his actions, words, and intentions with Muslims and others, and the evidence for this is his being called the honest and trustworthy, as lack of honesty is one of the characteristics of hypocrisy.
- His Eminence and his pardon of people and his forgiveness of them as much as possible, and among the stories mentioned in that is his pardon of a man who wanted to kill him while he was asleep.
- He said - peace and blessings be upon him -: (This man drew my sword on me while I was asleep, so I woke up and he was holding a prayer in his hand, so he said: Who will prevent you from me? So I said: “By God,” three times, but he did not punish him and sat down .
- His generosity and generosity, on the authority of Abdullah bin Abbas - may God be pleased with them both -: (The Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, was the most generous of people in doing good, and he was the most generous in Ramadan when Gabriel met him, and Gabriel, peace be upon him, met him every night During Ramadan, until it is shed, it is exposed.
- The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, recited the Qur’an, and when Gabriel, peace be upon him, met him, he was more generous with goodness than the sent wind . )
- His humility and his lack of condescension and arrogance towards people or belittling their value, that is as God - Glory be to Him - commanded him, for humility is one of the reasons that he owned and composed hearts, and he used to sit among the Companions without distinguishing himself by anything, and did not exalt himself above any of them, as he would go out at funerals.
- He visits the sick and answers calls.
- He preserved his tongue and did not utter bad or ugly words.
- It was narrated on the authority of Anas bin Malik - may God be pleased with him -: (The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was not obscene, nor cursed, nor cursed.
- He used to say when crossing the threshold: He has no dust on his forehead. )
- His respect for the elderly and his compassion for the young, so he - peace and blessings be upon him - used to kiss children and be affectionate to them.
- It protects him from committing evil deeds, and thus the servant does not commit any deed whose consequences are not good.
Death of the Prophet
On the day of his death - may God bless him and grant him peace - the curtain of his room was opened and the Muslims were preparing for prayer and he smiled and laughed, so Abu Bakr thought that he wanted to pray with them, but the Prophet advised him to complete the prayer and then lowered the curtain. The narratives differed in determining his age when he died, so it was said: sixty-three years. He is the most famous, and it was said that he was sixty-five, or sixty, and his place of death was buried in a hole dug under his bed in which he died in Medina.